Selasa, Februari 01, 2011

MENGUKUR KOMPONEN-KOMPONEN ELEKTRONIKA

PENGALAMAN SAYA MENGUKUR KOMPONEN - KOMPONEN ELEKTRONIKA

Komponen - komponen Elektronika diantaranya yaitu ada 2 macam yaitu : Komponen Aktif dan komponen pasif.


Komponen Aktif adalah komponen yang dapat menghantarka arus listrik.Yang termasuk jenis komponen aktif yaitu : Dioda, Transistor,dan IC ( Integretid Cirkuit ) .Dioda adalah komponen elektronika yang berfungsi sebagai penyearah arus dan tegangan. macam - macam dioda adalah dioda zener,dioda kuprok,dioda lamp, dioda jensen dll.ada 2 jenis transistor yaitu transistor PNP dan NPN,komponen ini mempunyai 3 kaki yaitu Basis, Emitor, Dan Kolektor. Macam - macam IC ada 3 yaitu IC Program, IC Memori dan IC Menu.


Komponen Pasif adalah komponen yang tidak dapat menghantarkan panas. Yang termasuk jenis komponen pasif adalah Resistor, Kapasitor, dan Induktor. Resistor adalah komponen yang berfungsi sebagai penghambat arus listrik. Ada macam - macam resistor yaitu resistor kapur, resistor 4 dan 5 gelang warna, resistor NTC, PTC dan LDR .Kapasitor adalah komponen yang berfungsi sebagai menyimpan muatan listrik.jenis - jenis kapasitor yaitu : kapasitor polar dan non polar.contoh kapasitor polar yaitu Elko yang mempunyai kaki positif dan negatif dengan satuan mikro farad.contoh kapasitor non polar yaitu kapasitor yang tidak mempunyai kutub positif dan negatif biasanya dengan satuan nano farad dan piko farad.induktor / transformator adalah komponen yang berfungsi untuk menaikkan tegangan ( step up ) dan menurnkan tegangan ( step down ). contohnya yaitu : trafo switching, trafo flay back, trafo filter, dll.


MENGUKUR KOMPONEN SEBAGAI BERIKUT :

1. Mengukur resistor
Sebelum mengkur resistror kita lakukan kalibrazi terlebih dahulu pada multitester .Yang saya tahu dan mengerti yaitu mengukur resistor 4 gelang warna yang tertera pada badan komponen tersebut.contoh cokelat, hitam ,cokelat dan emas,yaitu nilainya = 100 ohm.
2.mengukur kapasitor
langkah - langkahnya sbb.
- kalibrazi multitester
- pada kapasitor polar,jika pada jarum penunjuk bergerak ke kanan dan kembali ke kiri / ke posisi nol,maka komponen dalam keadaan baik. dan jika jarum menunjukkan bergerak ke kanan dan tidak kembali lagi ke posisi nol maka komponen tersebut dalam keadaan rusak atau bocor
- pada kapasitor non polar, jika jarum penunjuk tidak bergerak maka komponen dalam keadaan baik.
3.mengukur Dioda
langkah - langkah nya sbb:
- kalibrazi multitester
- posisikan range selektor pada posisi ohm
- tempelkan test led merah / + pada kaki anoda,tesled hitam / - pada kaki katoda jarum tidak bergerak,kemudian kita ukur kembali dengan tempelkan testled + pada kaki katoda,testled - pada kaki anoda jarum bergerak menuju arah tertentu berarti dioda tersebut dalam keadaan baik.

By BADRIYANTO
XI AV

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